SPHR Human Resources

Category - Strategy

All of the following are elements of Vroom’s Expectancy Theory except
  1. Instrumentality
  2. Proclivity
  3. Valence
  4. Expectancy
Explanation
Answer - B - Options A, C, and D are all elements within Vroom’s Expectancy Theory.

Key Takeaway: Although addressed by certain motivation theories, the concept of proclivity is not specifically addressed by any of the motivation theories.
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