A middle school newly arrived English learner has a solid educational background in the first language and is at the developing level of English language proficiency. She performs well academically, but she frequently gets up and moves around the classroom during lessons and sometimes makes up short chants or songs related to the material. Which of the following explanations for the student's behavior should the teacher consider first in this situation?
  1. The student may not know how to study academic subject matter.
  2. The student may be used to different educational practices and is demonstrating culturally influenced approaches to learning.
  3. The student may have very limited academic English language skills.
  4. The student may have a social or behavioral disorder that is affecting her ability to be aware of and sensitive to the social context.
Explanation
Correct Response: B. Approaches to learning and the educational practices that stem from them can vary widely from culture to culture. Given this student's behavior, her home culture likely promotes oral expression in the form of chants and songs as a tool to enhance learning and values physical movement as part of the learning environment. As a newly-arrived English learner, the student is not likely to be aware that culturally determined educational practices in the United States differ from what she has previously experienced. A and C are incorrect because the student has a strong educational background, performs well academically in her new school, and is described as being at the developing level of English language proficiency, rather than at a lower level such as entering or emerging. D would be inappropriate to consider as the first explanation for the student's behavior considering the fact that approaches to learning are culturally determined and that the student is a newcomer to the 
U.S. educational system.
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