Answer: B - Grade norms are designed to indicate the average test performance of students in a particular grade or over a range of grades. Grade norms are widely used to assess academic performance among children. Unlike age norms, grade norms allow for some developmental differences among children in the same grade. Grade norms are often presented as the school year and month in which the student is placed. In this example, Charlotte’s score indicates her performance is equivalent to that of a typical student in the second month of 8th grade. Grade norms should be taken as directional in nature.
