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71. A recent study revealed that test scores for students at small, rural schools were lower than that for students in large, urban or suburban schools.
Each of the following, if true, contributes to an explanation of the difference in test scores EXCEPT:
72. Some anthropologists believe that ancient humans did not practice monogamy, and point to cave drawings of men surrounded by multiple women as proof of their theory. However, many modern works of art also depict men taking multiple lovers, yet many modern humans do practice monogamy. Therefore, _____________________________________.
Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
73. All people want to be perceived as friendly and personable. Those people who are perceived as shy or quiet often come across as less friendly, even if this is not true. Thus, it is important to try to talk to people, even if conversation does not come easily to a shy person.
Which one of the following assumptions is necessary for the argument’s conclusion to be properly drawn?
74. All of a town’s residents entered a yearlong weight loss challenge. The goal was to test whether exercising more increased a participant’s chances of losing weight. In the end, although the participants who exercised the most did not lose the most weight, the challenge organizers determined that more exercise did lead to greater weight loss.
Which of the following, if true, most helps explain how the organizers drew the above conclusion?
75. Mayor: “Many on the town council are arguing that our city should start making decisions by direct ballot, as opposed to votes by the town council. I think this is an excellent idea. Giving each person one vote on each issue is more likely to recognize each individual voice, as opposed to just the voices of those powerful enough or popular enough to hold sway with the town council.”
Which one of the following principles helps justifies the mayor’s reasoning?