MTEL Foundations of Reading

Category - Foundations of Reading

A kindergarten teacher engages a small group of children in the following Say It and Move It activity.
 
  • The teacher says a two-phoneme word slowly (e.g., ape, bee, day, eat, go, she, toe).
  • The children slowly repeat the word.
  • The children move a plain wooden block as they say each phoneme, lining up the two blocks from left to right.

Once the children demonstrate mastery of this activity, which of the following strategies would be most appropriate for the teacher to use next to build the children's phonemic awareness? 
  1. Writing pairs of words on the board that differ by one phoneme (e.g., ape, cape) and pointing out to the children that the second word contains more phonemes than the first.
  2. Exchanging the plain blocks for alphabet letter blocks and then helping the children do the Say It and Move It activity with relevant letter blocks, using pairs of words that have two and three phonemes (e.g., go, goat).
  3. Saying a pair of words that differ by one phoneme (e.g., bee, beach) and encouraging the children to generate pairs of words that rhyme with the target words (e.g., tea, teach).
  4. Displaying pictures for a pair of two- and three-phoneme words that differ by a single phoneme (e.g., toe, toad) and having the children complete the Say It and Move It activity for each word in the pair.
Explanation
 Correct Response: D. Option D is correct because the strategy aligns with the evidence-based practice of increasing the complexity of an instructional task incrementally. In D, the teacher increases the length of the spoken words in the phonemic awareness task by one phoneme. In the initial Say It and Move It activity described, the stimuli are all words with two phonemes. The task described in option D adds one sound to the beginning or end of the same spoken words, thereby increasing the number of phonemes from two to three. By using pictures in the task, the teacher reinforces the concept that a one phoneme difference also changes the meaning of a word. A and B are incorrect because these options not only add spoken words with three phonemes to the original task, but they dramatically increase the task complexity by changing the task from oral to written and requiring the children to recognize phonics/spelling patterns such as VCe and vowel teams. Whereas the task described in C, generating rhyming words, represents a less complex task along the phonological awareness continuum 
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