NAEP Science Grade 12

Category - Earth Science

Which of the following are landscape features typically associated with an active strike-slip fault?
  1. Hanging valleys and tarns.
  2. Kame terraces and eskers.
  3. Horsts and grabens.
  4. Scarps and sag ponds.
Explanation
Correct Response: D. Scarps and sag ponds are typical features associated with strike-slip faults. As the land surrounding the faults is offset by lateral movement along the fault, some vertical movement of the land on either side of the fault creates fault scarps. Sag ponds are small water bodies that occupy depressions created where fault movements have created depressions that impound drainage. Hanging valleys and tarns (A) and kame terraces and eskers (B) are landforms associated with glaciers, not faulting. Horst and graben (C) refer to landforms where normal faulting has pushed some blocks of crust upward (horst) and caused some blocks to drop down (graben). Horst and graben features are not typically associated with strike-slip faults.
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