Group Fitness Instructor

Category - Exercise Selection

Water-based exercise brings many benefits to the forefront, not the least of which is the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the lower extremities. Which of the following is MOST likely to be the result of hydrostatic pressure acting on the human body when positioned in a vertical (upright) posture in the pool?
  1. A reduction in weight through the legs and spine
  2. A loss of joint position sense (the ability to know where the limbs are in space)
  3. An increase in resistance to movement
  4. A shift in pooled blood and lymph from the legs to the abdomen and thorax
Explanation
Answer: D - Vertical immersion in water creates a pressure gradient which resolves when pooled blood and lymph are pushed from the lower extremities (an area of greater pressure) to the abdomen and thorax (an area of lesser pressure). And while immersion does produce a reduction in body weight, a decrease in joint position sense, and an increase in movement drag, none of these are brought about by hydrostatic pressure.
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