MTEL Foundations of Reading

Category - Foundations of Reading

Use the information below to answer the question that follow.

When considering how to support students who are at risk for reading difficulties, an elementary school teacher first tries to align an individual student's profile with one of the following evidence- based reading-difficulty profiles.

Profile 1: The student reads words accurately and efficiently but demonstrates needs in word knowledge and/or comprehension skills.
Profile 2: The student demonstrates needs in decoding and word recognition but has strong word knowledge and comprehension skills.
Profile 3: The student demonstrates needs in decoding and word recognition and also in word knowledge and comprehension skills.

One advantage of the teacher keeping these general profiles in mind when considering whether a student may be at risk for reading difficulties is that it helps the teacher:
  1. Determine a direction for specific diagnostic probes (e.g., identifying gaps in phonics knowledge using a word-pattern survey).
  2. Select a comprehensive intervention that systematically addresses all the essential components of reading.
  3. Ensure that an intervention will take into account the interrelationships between reading, writing, listening, and speaking.
  4. Incorporate principles of standards-based reading instruction into differentiation and intervention strategies.
Explanation
Correct Response: A. The general profiles described in the scenario can help the teacher be more strategic and efficient when selecting appropriate diagnostic assessments for individual students. Gathering more information about an individual student's specific areas of difficulty will support the teacher in planning more targeted, effective interventions for the student. Option B is incorrect because a comprehensive intervention plan may not be warranted if a student's profile does not suggest that it is. For example, if a student reads grade-level passages accurately and fluently but cannot answer comprehension questions after reading, further diagnostic probing should focus on factors that affect comprehension rather than on all components of reading. 
Options C and D are incorrect because using these general profiles will not ensure that an intervention will integrate various language modes (C) or that the differentiation or intervention strategies the teacher uses will be standards based (D).
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