MTEL Foundations of Reading

Category - Foundations of Reading

A third-grade teacher has students work on their oral reading fluency each day using a repeated-reading approach. Students work with a classmate to take turns reading an assigned grade-level text and timing each other's oral reading fluency rate. Some students in the class are currently participating in Tier 2 interventions to address identified gaps in grade-level decoding skills. The teacher differentiates the repeated-reading activity for these students by selecting texts that are aligned with the decoding skills they have been studying. According to evidence-based best practices, which of the following additional modifications to the activity should the teacher make in order to improve the students' oral reading performance with their assigned text?
  1. Providing the individual students with explicit teacher feedback with respect to their reading accuracy and prosody between readings.
  2. Increasing the amount of time the students spend daily engaged in the repeated oral reading activity by having them read the text ten times.
  3. Reminding the students to look at the pictures for clues whenever they do not immediately recognize a word in the assigned text.
  4. Having the students engage in silent reading practice instead of participating in the oral reading activity.
Explanation
Correct Response: A. Option A is correct because students who are learning, but have not yet mastered, the decoding skills necessary to read a particular text benefit from immediate corrective feedback as part of evidence-based practice designed to build their competence and independence applying these skills. Furthermore, the teacher's attention to the students' prosody provides them with explicit instruction in this aspect of fluency, while conveying to them the value of reading with expression. This is especially important because students who are not yet decoding automatically may tend to read passages word by word, or they may tend to read through punctuation to try to improve their rate at the expense of prosody and comprehension. 
Option B is incorrect because evidence suggests that reading the same passage up to three or four times provides the maximum benefit. Any additional readings are not likely to add value. Option C is incorrect because relying on context clues for word identification is a frequent cause of word-reading errors and the hallmark of a reader at risk for reading difficulty. Option D is incorrect because students should not engage in silent reading for fluency practice until their decoding is automatic. In addition, this strategy would not allow the teacher to monitor the students' reading accuracy or prosody.
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