On examination of a pregnant female in labor, the umbilical cord is found to descending alongside (or in advance) of the fetal part in passing through the cervix. Which is term for this abnormal descent of the umbilical cord?
Explanation
Answer: A - Occult prolapse
Occult prolapse is a form of umbilical cord prolapse (UCP), and UCP is considered an obstetrical emergency. In UPC, the cord is descended alongside or below the presenting fetal part. In occult prolapse, the cord is also passing through the cervix. Risk factors for UCP and occult prolapse include fetal malpresentation, fetal anomalies, polyhydramnios, and multiple gestation. Umbilical cord prolapse can be frank or occult, and complications of both types include membrane rupture and fetal hypoxia (resulting in fetal death).
