NAEP Science Grade 12

Category - Earth Science

In which of the following test well locations will the depth and location of the well shown in the cross section be most likely to yield a regular and abundant source of groundwater throughout the year?
  1. Test well location I
  2. Test well location II
  3. Test well location III
  4. Test well location IV
Explanation
Correct Response: D. Test well location IV is in the confined aquifer and is the most likely to provide a regular and abundant supply of water year-round. This is because test well location I (A) is near the top of the surface aquifer and so even a small drop in the water table during the summer will stop the flow of water into the well. Test well location II (B) is drilled into the granite, a material with a relatively low ability to transmit water (hydraulic conductivity), so it is likely it will also be a poor source of groundwater. Test well location III (C) is drilled into the clay aquitard, a layer of clay sediment that by definition has very low hydraulic conductivity.
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