Answer: A - ATP stores and releases energy. Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, plays a crucial role in animal cells as a source of energy. ATP is produced in the mitochondria through cellular respiration, a process that converts glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. This energy-rich molecule is then used by the cell to power a wide range of cellular processes, such as muscle contraction, cell division, and the synthesis of molecules like proteins and nucleic acids.
ATP's function as a carrier of energy is facilitated by its high-energy phosphate bonds, which can be readily broken to release energy for cellular processes. When ATP is used, it is hydrolyzed to form adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). The energy released during this reaction can then be used by the cell to power various functions.
The constant regeneration of ATP is essential to the survival of animal cells, as the cell cannot store large amounts of ATP. Thus, the cell must constantly produce ATP through cellular respiration to maintain the necessary energy levels for cellular processes. In summary, ATP plays a vital role in animal cells as an energy source, allowing for the many complex and vital functions of the cell to be carried out.
