Answer − B − Ascites is a characteristic finding of each of the aforementioned disease conditions except pneumonia. Ascites occurs when excess fluid accumulates in the space between the membranes that line the abdomen and abdominal organs. Disorders associated with this include cirrhosis, hepatitis, portal vein thrombosis, constrictive pericarditis, congestive heart failure, liver cancer, nephritic syndrome, and pancreatitis.
A critical care nurse can identify potential ascites several ways:
- Inspecting the patient's abdomen: Ascites can cause the abdomen to become distended, and the skin may appear shiny or tight.
- Palpating the abdomen: When palpating the abdomen, you may feel a fluid wave or shift of the fluid. The abdomen may also feel tender or firm.
- Monitoring the patient's weight: Ascites can cause rapid weight gain, and monitoring the patient's weight can help detect fluid accumulation.
- Auscultating the patient's abdomen: Ascites can cause bowel sounds to be diminished or absent.
- Reviewing the patient's medical history and laboratory tests: The patient's medical history, including any past liver or heart disease, and laboratory tests such as liver function tests and serum albumin levels, can provide important information for identifying ascites.
If you suspect that a patient has ascites, it is important to notify the physician and provide appropriate interventions and treatments as necessary.
