Answer - C - Clients with confirmed or suspected rib fractures should be assessed periodically for the possible complication of pneumothorax. Decreased or absent breath sounds are related to pneumothorax because pneumothorax compresses functional lung tissue. Pink, frothy sputum is a likely (but unlikely) finding in clients with pneumothorax (Choice A). Hoarseness indicates an airway obstruction or laryngeal nerve paralysis (Choice B). Percussion sounds are hyper resonant in the area of a pneumothorax, caused by the collection of air in the pleural space (Choice D).
A pneumothorax is a condition in which air or gas enters the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. Various factors, including blunt or penetrating trauma to the chest, lung diseases such as emphysema or asthma, or a medical procedure such as a lung biopsy, can cause pneumothorax.
In a sports injury, a pneumothorax can occur due to a blow to the chest or rib cage or from overuse or strain on the lungs. Symptoms of a pneumothorax may include:
- Sharp or stabbing pain in the chest
- Shortness of breath
- Rapid breathing
- Rapid heartbeat
- Coughing
- Bluish coloration of the skin (cyanosis)
If a pneumothorax is suspected, it is essential to escalate medical attention immediately. Treatment may involve removing the excess air or gas from the chest using a needle or chest tube, and in severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the damaged lung. Rest and avoiding physical activity may be necessary while the lung heals.
