Crisis management is an important aspect of good government functioning. The main purpose of planning for crises is to help people overcome the normalcy bias. What is the normalcy bias?
  1. a cognitive bias whereby people refuse to act normal in public during a crisis
  2. a cognitive bias against normal or average people when facing a crisis
  3. a cognitive bias that makes people refuse to plan for a crisis that has never happened
  4. a cognitive bias that makes people refuse to plan for a crisis that has happened
Explanation
Answer: C - Normalcy bias is a cognitive bias that makes people refuse to plan for crisis that has never happened.

Key Takeaway: A normalcy bias makes people underestimate the possibility of a crisis to happen and its potential effects. When a crisis has never happened, the normalcy bias leads to a mental state whereby people are reluctant to acknowledge its possibility and the damage it can cause. Crisis management’s role is to fight the normalcy bias and force people to think through what they would do if a flood or a riot were to happen in their city, for example, when it has never happened before.
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