During primary occlusal trauma, early effects include:
  1. Caries, fractures
  2. Hemorrhage, caries
  3. Caries, thrombosis
  4. Hemorrhage, thrombosis
Explanation
Answer: D - During primary occlusal trauma, early effects include hemorrhage and thrombosis of blood vessels in the periodontal ligament. Pathological occlusal forces that exceed normal capacity of a normal periodontium cause this type of trauma. Damage is reversible if damaging forces are halted.
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