CNM Certified Nurse Midwife

Answer: D - A client who is sexually active has the least risk for candidiasis. Candidiasis is mainly caused by an altered vaginal environment, normally acidic, that causes an overgrowth of bacteria from the Candida family. These bacteria are normally found in the vaginal environment, but if the pH of the vaginal environment is altered or if the good bacteria are overwhelmed by Candida, candidiasis may occur. It is not spread by sexual contact. Douches may eliminate the good bacteria, causing candidiasis. Clients who are on long term corticosteroid therapy, such as women with Addison’s disease, are at risk for candidiasis. Pregnant women are also at risk because hormonal changes may alter the normal vaginal environment.