Practice Quiz

NCLEX-RN

Category - Pharmacological

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Jason was diagnosed with heart failure eight months ago. He is a chronic smoker and an alcohol user. His physician prescribed diuretics, digitalis, beta blockers and ACE inhibitors to control his symptoms. When planning care, the nurse should keep an eye out for angioedema, which is a serious adverse effect of:
  1. Furosemide
  2. Metroprolol
  3. Digoxin
  4. Enalapril
Explanation
Answer: D - Angioedema, or the swelling of the dermis and underlying tissue due to vascular leakage, is a serious side effect of enalapril. ACE-induced angioedema commonly presents as swelling of the eyelids, lips and tongue. This disorder is caused by decreased degradation of bradykinin that results in pockets in between the dermal and subcutaneous tissues where vascular fluid accumulates. Angioedema can be life-threatening especially if it involves the upper airway, when it can result in asphyxia and even death.
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