As the students within Mr. Shore’s third-grade class entered the room, they immediately noticed that the room had been rearranged from rows into groups of four. Each grouping had a red envelope on top of one of the desks. The envelope had “Top Secret” written on the front. Mr. Shore dodged their questions and asked everyone to select a seat and wait until morning announcements were finished. At that time, he announced that today’s math lesson would end with a word problem whose answer was inside their red envelopes. He then whispers that all students whose answers are correct will receive a class privilege or reward, though he will not be specific. Students are advised that opening the envelope before being told to would immediately disqualify them from the reward associated with the correct answer. The most likely reason Mr. Shore is using this instructional strategy is to
