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1. Melody applied to be an education policy consultant in the mayor’s office. The mayor has instituted a requirement that anyone employed by her office must have a bachelor’s degree and two years of relevant work experience, and must pass a drug test. The mayor’s hiring manager rejected Melody’s application because she only had one year of relevant work experience and so did not qualify to become an employee.
The hiring manager’s conclusion is logical if which of the following is assumed?
2. This September, as a part of an initiative to protect the environment, the state of West Dakota banned citizens from using wood fireplaces unless the temperature falls below 20 degrees Fahrenheit. In the three months following the new regulations, the level of air pollution increased in West Dakota.
Each of the following, if true, would contribute to an explanation of the increase in air pollution EXCEPT:
3. Announcer: “The Wilson vacuum is the best vacuum of any on the market today. It is quiet, light to carry, and works on hardwood floors, tile, or carpet. We asked 100 people to try the Wilson in our showroom and 99 of them told us the floors and carpets looked cleaner than their own. There is no better value on the market today for consumers wanting a clean home, and you will be 100% satisfied with your new Wilson.”
The announcer’s reasoning is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it fails to consider whether:
4. Both Studio X and Studio Y produced movies about aliens fighting famous superheroes. Studio Y’s movie, Aliens vs. Heroman, came out on January 1st and Studio X’s film, Martians and Warriors, premiered on March 1st. Yet despite the similarity in the titles and the subjects, it is unlikely that Studio X copied their ideas from Studio Y because both aliens and superheroes are common subjects for movies and many superhero and alien movies make a lot of money at the box office.
Which one of the following most accurately expresses the conclusion expressed above?
5. Most drivers drive fewer than 30,000 miles per year. Some drivers also purchase car insurance or pay for oil changes every 5,000 miles. A few drivers have a car accident each year. If a driver drives less than 30,000 miles per year, they receive a discount on their car insurance. All drivers must be licensed by one or more states.
If the preceding passage is true, then which of the following MUST be true?