A vegetable farmer has a problem with a particular type of insect pest. Every month during the growing season, the 
farmer sprays a pesticide on the vegetables to control the pest. After five years of spraying, the farmer notices that the pesticide has become less effective at controlling the insect pest. This reduction in the pesticide's effectiveness is most likely due to:
  1. The evolution of a mechanism in the insects to break down and excrete the pesticide.
  2. An increase in the number of eggs laid by each female insect in response to the pesticide exposure.
  3. The increasing proportion of pesticide-resistant insects that have survived in the population.
  4. A change in the feeding habits of the insect so as to avoid the highest concentrations of pesticide.
Explanation
Correct Response: C. Pesticide resistance is a common problem that results from an adaptation in which the organisms that are most resistant to a pesticide are the ones most likely to survive and pass along that genetic trait to their offspring. Therefore, the percentage of pesticide-resistant organisms increases with each generation. Pesticide resistance is a much more likely adaptation than the evolution of a new digestive mechanism (A), an increase in the number of eggs laid by female insects (B), or a significant change in feeding habits (D). 
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