IB Biology Exam Prep

Category - Biology

Evidence suggests that fever is a mechanism of homeostasis that can help fight infection by:
  1. Reducing the permeability of plasma membranes to pathogens.
  2. Increasing the concentration of oxygen in the blood.
  3. Lowering blood pressure and heart rate.
  4. Enhancing production and mobility of leukocytes.
Explanation
Correct Response: D. When fighting an infection, the body's temperature increases, creating an environment that is hostile to pathogens. This increase in temperature is called a fever. The body begins to produce white blood cells―leukocytes―to detect and destroy the microorganisms that are causing the infection. Increased temperatures, such as a fever, increase rather than reduce the permeability of the plasma membrane (A). A fever decreases the concentration of oxygen in the blood 
because it reduces the oxygen's ability to bind to hemoglobin. A fever increases blood pressure and heart rate rather than lowering them (C).
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