Answer - D - The two basic types of managers are those (theory X) that are negative towards their employees, always looking for the wrong; and those (theory Y) that take a positive outlook with their employees and look for (and find) the best in each one.
Social psychologist Douglas McGregor developed two contrasting theories that explained how managers' beliefs about what motivates their people could affect their management style. McGregor named these concepts Theory X (Authoritative) and Theory Y (Participative). These theories continue to be important even today.
If a manager believes that their team members dislike their work and have little motivation, they will likely use an authoritarian management style.
This approach is very "hands-on" and usually involves micromanaging people's work to ensure they perform the job correctly. McGregor called this Theory X.
On the other hand, if you believe that your people take pride in their work and see it as a challenge, you'll more likely adopt a participative management style. Managers who use this approach trust their people to take ownership of their work and do it effectively by themselves. McGregor called this Theory Y.
The approach a leader takes significantly impacts their ability to motivate team members.
