caustic : sarcastic ::
  1. rancid : unsullied
  2. succulent : desiccated
  3. ephemeral : permanent
  4. vehement : fervent
Explanation
Answer: Choice (D) is correct.

Caustic means severely critical or sarcastic, so look for the answer pair that contains synonyms. Rancid means rotten or stale, and unsullied means pure or untarnished, so those are antonyms. Something that is succulent is juicy, and something that is desiccated is dry, so eliminate that pair. Something that is ephemeral is transient or temporary, not permanent. In choice (D), vehement means passionate, as does fervent. Choice (D) is the synonym pair.
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