Lactation Consultant

Answer: D - Category X indicates that the risk to the human fetus is well established. The risks outweigh any benefits that can be gained with the drug. Category X medications should never be taken during pregnancy. Category A indicates that studies have proven that these medications place no risk on the human fetus. Category B indicates that there is likely no ill effect during pregnancy, as supported with animal studies. Category C indicates that controlled studies have not been done with humans but animal studies indicate risk to the fetus. Finally, Category D indicates that the risk to the fetus is proven and the risks of taking the medication has to be determined in terms of the potential benefits of the medication compared to these risks.