NREMT Advanced EMT Practice Test #4

Answer - D - At the end-stage of renal failure, 80% of the nephrons are destroyed. Anuria is not necessarily present in end-stage renal failure. Most cases are caused by diabetes and hypertension. Metabolic instability occurs in end-stage failure. At this point, only dialysis or transplant will keep the patient alive. Patient may display severe dyspnea, neck vein distention, ascites, and rales at the lung bases.