Nurse Angela is assigned to the following patients. Which patient should Angela attend to first?
  1. A patient with distal femoral shaft fracture with petechiae on his chest and anterior axillary folds
  2. A patient who has had an above-the-knee amputation with darkened skin areas surrounding the end of the residual limb
  3. A patient with full leg cast who used crutches with blood pressure of 150/95 mmHg and shallow respirations
  4. A patient who used crutches five minutes ago with pulse rate of 102 bpm and deep respirations
Explanation
Answer - A - The patient that Angela should attend to first is a patient with distal femoral shaft fracture with petechiae on his chest and anterior axillary folds. The patient is at high risk or is already experiencing fat embolism. The data shows that the patient has petechiae, which is an adaptation that only occurs in fat embolism. At the time of fracture, fat globules may move from the bone marrow into the bloodstream; also, elevated cathecolamines cause mobilization of fatty acidsa and the development of fat globules. Fat embolism results to obstruction in vessels in the lungs, brain, and kidneys.
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