Correct Response: A. In science, a testable hypothesis proposes an explanation for a phenomenon or event. It must be measurable, and data must be collected through experimentation or observation. Formulating a testable hypothesis is important because it serves as a basis for making predictions that can be used to determine cause and effect relationships. In an experiment, a variable is manipulated according to the hypothesis (the cause). Data are collected to determine whether the results predicted by the hypothesis have been observed (the effect). The results can provide information for further experimentation. Interpreting a model (B), explaining interactions (C), and describing characteristics (D) involve scientific reasoning using existing information or data and do not require the use of a testable hypothesis.
