Practice Quiz

CPM Certified Professional Midwife

Category - Labor, Birth, and Immediate Postpartum

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Examination of a second gravida at her 37th week of pregnancy revealed fetal head at fundus (and podalic pole in pelvic grip). In this circumstance, which of the following can cause fetal asphyxia?
  1. Umbilical cord compression
  2. Retraction of the placental site
  3. Cord prolapse
  4. All of the above
Explanation
Answer: D - All of the above.

This is descriptive of a case of breech presentation. In breech presentation, the lie is longitudinal and the podalic pole presents at the pelvic brim. It is the most common malpresentation. Fetal asphyxia can occur if umbilical cord compression occurs. Fetal asphyxia can also occur if there is retraction of the placental site, premature attempt at respiration while the head is still inside the vaginal canal, delayed delivery, or cord prolapse. Breech presentation can be categorized as complete or uncomplete.
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