Anyang, a female African immigrant, comes to the clinic for a tuberculosis screening test. An intradermal injection of purified protein derivative is given. Anyang is said to have a positive PPD skin test when the nurse notes which of the following findings?
  1. Indurated wheal measuring 7 millimeters in diameter in 24 to 48 hours
  2. Indurated wheal measuring 12 millimeters in diameter in 48 to 72 hours
  3. A flat, circumscribed area measuring 15 millimeters in diameter in 48 to 72 hours
  4. Indurated wheal measuring 15 millimeters in diameter in 48 to 72 hours
Explanation
Answer: B - The client is said to have a positive PPD skin test if the injected site demonstrates an indurated wheal measuring over 10 millimeters in diameter in 48 to 72 hours. A flat, circumscribed area is not considered a positive test. For those who were born and raised in regions where tuberculosis is endemic, a test is considered positive if the induration measures more than 10 millimeters. Clients with immunocompromised immune systems test positive if the induration measures more than 5 millimeters. In a healthy individual with no known risk factors, a positive test is made when the induration measures at least 15 millimeters.
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