A nurse in a community health center conducts a health screening test for osteoporosis. Which of the following clients has the greatest risk of developing osteoporosis?
  1. A 25-year-old female of Chinese descent with lactose intolerance
  2. An 80-year-old female of Asian descent
  3. A 75-year-old sedentary black female who smokes cigarettes
  4. A 59-year-old female with a thin, small frame
Explanation
Answer: C - The 75-year-old sedentary black female who smokes cigarettes has the greatest risk of developing osteoporosis. Female gender, increased age, cigarette smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle are all risk factors for osteoporosis. The 25-year-old female has two risk factors: female gender and Asian race. The 80-year-old has three risk factors: female gender, increasing age, and Asian descent. The 59-year-old has two risk factors: female gender and a thin, small frame.
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