A clinical nurse specialist is caring for a one-year-old baby boy. During the assessment, the nurse notes that the patient is in respiratory distress. Which signs confirm this assessment?
  1. Cyanosis and crackles
  2. Crackles and wheezing
  3. Tachypnea, crackles, and wheezing
  4. Retractions, crackles, and cyanosis
Explanation
Answer - D - Signs that confirm respiratory distress among neonates include cyanosis, tachypnea, and retractions. Cyanosis occurs as a result of inadequate oxygenation. Tachypnea is a compensatory mechanism to increase oxygenation. Retractions occur in an effort to increase lung capacity.
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