You are providing narrative therapy to a client who believes that his colleagues at work have it out for him because of his previous alcoholic behavior. He would rather not go to work anymore and telecommute. You might help him explore this by encouraging to him:

  1. Sincerity in approaching his coworkers
  2. Permission for things to be different
  3. Contentedness
  4. Discursive presence
  5. Tell a long narrative story about a fictional character
Explanation

Answer - D - Discursive presence will encourage your client to examine the social norms in his place of work so that he can watch how others interact with one another to gauge whether or not the actions taken against him are out of dislike, or out of workplace social habit. Your client is not especially ready for permission for things to be different. He may see this as an encouragement to telecommute. And his contentedness is obviously at low levels at the moment; traditional examination would only reinforce its negative aspects.

In narrative therapy, discursive presence refers to how people use language and communication to shape and tell their own stories about their lives. Narrative therapy is a form of therapy that focuses on the stories that people tell about themselves, their relationships, and the events of their lives. It is based on the idea that people's identities and experiences are constructed through the stories they tell about themselves. These stories profoundly influence how people understand and make sense of their lives.

In narrative therapy, the therapist works with the client to explore the stories they tell about their lives and to identify and challenge any stories that may be limiting or harmful. The therapist helps the client to develop a more empowering and expansive narrative that reflects their strengths, values, and goals.

Discursive presence is an essential aspect of narrative therapy, as the way that people use language and communication to tell their stories can reveal a lot about their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. The therapist may pay attention to the client's tone, language style, and the use of metaphor and other figurative language to gain insight into their perspective and to help them develop a more empowering narrative.

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