Correct Response: D. The described science lesson requires students to participate in and communicate about an experiment in which certain actions produce certain results. In order to describe and draw conclusions about the experiment, the developing-level English learners will benefit most from learning vocabulary that is specifically used to describe cause-and-effect relationships among actions and/or concepts. The words listed in A would not be particularly helpful because they are adverbial phrases commonly used to describe or qualify space, placement, or location. The words and phrases in B are commonly used to add information or express agreement. The words and phrases in C are commonly used to persuade or express emphasis or contrast in an argument or opinion.
