MTEL Biology Practice Exam

Category - Biology

After two prokaryotes undergo conjugation:
  1. One cell resides inside the other as an endosymbiont.
  2. Each cell divides and produces two daughter cells.
  3. The genome of one cell is altered by the process.
  4. Both cells remain attached to each other and begin to form a colony.
Explanation
Correct Response: C. To provide a means for genetic variation, prokaryotes undergo conjugation, which is the direct transfer of genetic material from one cell into another. This changes the genetic composition of the cell that receives the transferred DNA. Endosymbiosis (A) occurs when one cell resides in another for mutual survival. Prokaryotic cells divide and produce daughter cells through the process of binary fission (B). Although cells undergoing conjugation are connected while the transfer of genetic material from one cell to the other occurs, they separate once the transfer is complete (D).
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