ANCC Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam Prep

Category - Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice Test

A patient is hemorrhaging from multiple trauma sites. The nurse expects that compensatory mechanisms associated with hypovolemia would cause all of the following symptoms except:
  1. Hypertension
  2. Oliguria
  3. Tachycardia
  4. Tachypnea
Explanation
Answer - A - Hypertension. In hypovolemia, one of the compensatory mechanisms is activation of the sympathetic nervous system that increases the RR & PR and helps restore the BP to maintain tissue perfusion, but not cause a hypertension. The SNS stimulation constricts renal arterioles that increases release of aldosterone, decreases glomerular filtration, and increases sodium and water re-absorption that leads to oliguria.
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