Which of the following combinations of civilizations, leaders, and religious figures is incorrect?
  1. Sumer - Gilgamesh - pantheon of many deities
  2. Israel - Saul - Yahweh
  3. Persia/Achaemenid Empire - Cyrus the Great - Ahura Mazda
  4. Babylonia - Hammurabi - Muhammad
  5. New Kingdom Egypt - Ramses III - Ra
Explanation
Answer: D - Hammurabi was a Babylonian king, but Muhammad is an Islamic religious figure and was not part of the Babylonian religious hierarchy. Gilgamesh was a king during the Uruk dynasty in Sumer, and the Sumerians worshipped as many as 3600 deities. Saul was the first king of a united kingdom of Israel, where the Hebrews worshipped Yahweh (or God). Cyrus the Great from Persia created the Achaemenid Empire, and the native Persians in the empire practiced Zoroastrianism, which esteems a creator figure named Ahura Mazda. Ramses III was an Egyptian pharaoh during the New Kingdom period, and Ra was the sun god in ancient Egyptian religion.
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