Which of the following alternatives can lead to secondary hypertension?
  1. adrenal insufficiency
  2. estrogen deficiency
  3. hyperparathyroidism
  4. renal artery stenosis
Explanation
Answer: D - A fixed lesion of the renal artery results in impaired perfusion. When the kidney is poorly perfused, it increases renin secretion, which increases blood pressure and thus improves renal blood flow.
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