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ACT Science Exam Prep

Category - ACT Science

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What is the function of the myelin sheath that surrounds neurons?

Increase speed of impulses
Maintain polarization
Decrease friction
Control growth of neurons
Oxygen exchange

Explanation

Answer: A - Increase speed of impulses. The myelin sheath serves exclusively to increase the speed at which impulses travel across neurons.

Key Takeaway: The myelin sheath increases electrical resistance across a cell membrane by a factor of 5, 000 and decreases capacitance by a factor of 50. Combined, these two factors prevent the electrical current from escaping the axon, thus improving the speed at which impulses travel.

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