PE Civil Engineering Exam Prep

Category - Civil Engineering

In which of the following cases would an open-pit excavation to construct a spread footing not be permitted?
  1. Not in or near open water
  2. Soil material is adequately stable
  3. Soil moisture content varies widely
  4. There is no threat of compromising the stability of nearby structures
Explanation
Answer: C - An open-pit excavation would not be permitted to construct a spread footing in cases where the soil moisture content is variable. Open-pit excavation is only recommended when soils can be maintained in a dry condition. Shoring and cribbing is needed in shallow foundation excavations where soil moisture content can vary widely due to the influence of groundwater or surface water runoff.
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