Cardiac-Vascular Nursing Exam Prep I

Answer: A - Aortic stenosis
• may occur at 3 levels: subaortic (fibrous membrane or tunnel stenosis), valvar (unicuspid or fusion bicuspid valve), or supravalvar (fibrous ridge or hypoplasia of ascending aorta)
• indications for surgery: infants with critical aortic stenosis (severe low output states, cyanosis by right-to-left ductal shunting), older children with symptoms or peak gradient > 50 mmHg
Surgical procedures
• subaortic stenosis relieved by resection of fibrous membrane or myectomy of hypertrophied ventricular septum
• valvular aortic stenosis relieved by percuateneous balloon valvotomy or valve replacement
• supravalvular aortic stenosis relieved by patch augmentation of ascending aorta