Praxis II: Biology Content Knowledge Exam Prep

Answer: C, The evolutionary process by which new species arise is called speciation. Speciation can also be induced artificially under laboratory conditions or from animal husbandry.

Key Takeaway: There are four geographic modes of speciation in nature, based on the extent to which speciating populations are geographically isolated from one another: allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, and sympatric. As mentioned previously, speciation can also be induced artificially. A famous example is the mule, which was created by mating a male donkey with a female horse.