AP Environmental Science

Answer: B - The process of splitting the nucleus of an atom into two different and smaller particles is nuclear fission.

Key Takeaway: In the 1950s, it was generally believed that nuclear power would clean energy in abundance, taking over for the “dirty” production of coal, oil, and natural gas. One of the ways that nuclear energy is produced is through nuclear fission. This process splits the nucleus of an atom into two different and smaller particles. These neutrons can then strike other atoms, creating a chain of fission reactions. More and more energy (and, of course, heat) is released with each reaction. This energy can be converted into electricity. The release of energy through nuclear fission is highly dangerous and can lead to huge explosions if the neutron reactions are not carefully controlled.