Praxis II Citizenship

Answer: A - The 1884 Berlin Conference, at which the 13 European powers with territorial possessions in Africa established rules of conduct and future claiming rights, made the greatest impact on the African people by indiscriminately setting colonial boundaries with no regard for pre-existing tribal boundaries. (The United States, which did not have territory in Africa, was invited to participate but did not.) As a result, the various people in each colonial territory were able to co-exist somewhat peacefully during European control (due to having a shared enemy) and, in many cases, even united to help expel their colonizers in the coming decades. However, after the colonizers left, people from different tribes found themselves sharing land and resources in ways that defied their pre-existing customs. The end of the colonial era in Africa led to a sudden and furious explosion of tribal conflict that endured for decades and, in some cases, still does.