SAT Biology Subject Test Practice Questions

Answer: C, Mitochondria. The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is known as the “powerhouse” of the cell for its role in energy production.

Key Takeaway: The mitochondrion is a membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The dominant role of the mitochondrion is the production of ATP through cellular respiration, which is dependent on the presence of oxygen. All forms of cellular respiration, glycolysis, Krebs’ cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, take place within the mitochondria.