Praxis II Special Ed

Answer: B-Lead
This question tests the understanding of the role environmental factors may play in learning disabilities. B is the correct answer because early childhood exposure to lead has been linked to learning impairment and learning disorders. A is incorrect because rust is caused by the oxidation of metal and is not known to cause learning disorders. C and D are also not currently implicated in causing learning disabilities. In addition to lead, aluminum, arsenic, and mercury have also been linked to learning disabilities. Exposure to cigarette smoking during pregnancy can cause ADHD (Braun, Kahn, Froehlich, Auinger, and Lanphear, 2006).