CLEP Intro Edu Psych

Category - Motivation

In 1968, Iowa schoolteacher Jane Elliot conducted a famous experiment on the children in her class. Mrs. Elliot segregated the brown-eyed children from the blue-eyed children and instructed the class that the blue-eyed children were superior. The blue-eyed children were given privileges, such as increased recess time and extra food at lunch. The brown-eyed children had to wear brown fabric around their necks so they could be easily identified on the playground. The blue eyed-children began treating the brown-eyed children as inferior almost immediately, taunting them and ordering them around. The next day, the roles were reversed and the class was instructed that the brown-eyed children were superior. The brown-eyed children began behaving accordingly. What does this experiment illustrate?
  1. Attribution theory
  2. Expectancy-value theory
  3. Pygmalion effect
  4. Learned helplessness
Explanation
Answer: C - The Pygmalion effect describes how a person performs according to the expectations placed on them. In this example, Jane Elliot told the children that the blue-eyed children were superior to the brown\-eyed children. Immediately, the children of both eye colors behaved as if this were so. The Pygmalion effect is common in education, where children often perform to the expectations of their teacher.
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