Paralegal Exam Prep

In 1905, the owner of an early automobile, who lived in Florida, drove his car into Alabama. While in Alabama, the driver had trouble slowing the vehicle and ran into the back of a horse-drawn wagon, causing damage. The owner returned to Florida, and the wagon owner filed suit in Alabama state court. The wagon owner's lawyer and the court could not find any statute or case law that established a precedent for personal jurisdiction over the defendant. This is an example of __________________.