Comparing and Contrasting the Political and Social Features of China and Europe
Medieval China and Europe were both impressive entities that provide elaborate model of the recovery process. Both of these civilizations had experienced expansive disparities from the plague, while only China suffered at the hands of the Mongols. Nonetheless, the fifteenth century was a time of reconstruction for both medieval China and Europe. These civilizations were parallel in their relentless efforts to recapture the spotlight; such efforts created two expansive domains that shared some political and social features, yet remained distinctly different in other areas.
China definite has the upper hand over Europe. While Europe remained a compilation of many separate states that were highly competitive and territorial, China was united with a centralized government that emphasized the civil service exam. At the head of this government was none other than Emperor Yongle. This notable leader was able to create oversee two astounding constructions that remain well known today.
Under the leadership of Emperor Yongle, the Forbidden City and the Temple of Heaven were created. Both of these led to the direct influence of Confucian philosophy. Other views of great influence throughout China during this time were Daoism and Buddhism. Meanwhile, in Europe, religious principles were centered on Christianity and the Renaissance.
One notable similarity that was a main characteristic of both medieval China and Europe was the use of maritime expeditions. The Chinese did not desire to use their sea travel to try to overtake other areas, but instead, simply to trade. The Chinese believed immensely in their dominance; for them, anyone that desired to be a part of their political and religious entities were welcomed to come to them. It was not their intention to make converting others part of their naval operation.
Comparatively, Europe was also engaged in vast sea trade. This was not solely about trading ideas though. Europeans wanted wealth. The Euro is a monetary system that is used throughout the European Union. Seeking items such as gold, spices, and silk, those that partook in these sea expeditions also desired to spread their culture, as well as their faith. These people, as a whole, still lacked unity, but as separate as they were, the common prize was profits and influence. Even with their desire for dominance, the overall size of the European fleet failed in comparison to the Chinese’s plethora of ships and seamen.
In continuing to compare Europe and the China, it must be noted that many European states adopted German principles. This included taxing citizens. The funds from this taxation allowed for the funding of armies and the design of organizational structures. Ultimately, Europe was successful in encapsulating a large quantity of the world’s people under its dominance; comparatively, with the absence of Emperor Yongle, the Chinese abruptly ceased their maritime expeditions.
Both of these expansive civilizations experienced increasing populations and the problem of inadequate land to accommodate growing populations. The presence of the “middle kingdom” or China became focused inland on rice crops. Europe continued to obtain foreign possessions. Europe also continued growing wheat and livestock. While obvious in their differences, the focus on agriculture did create similarities.
In conclusion, China and Europe were impressive civilizations. While diverse in their approach and design, both were able to overcome tragedy and transcend history. By surpassing such obstacles, both were culturally influential. Their presence in globally impacting the world remains unquestionable even seven centuries later.
Which of the following is the best revision of the first sentence in the paragraph?
