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341. Most elementary school students learn that matter exists in three different states: gas, liquid, and solid. The states of matter, as everyone knows, describe how the atomic particles interact with one another and the distances and attractions that govern those interactions

In 1995, a fourth form of matter was created by scientists working with ultra-cold atoms. This fourth form is called Bose-Einstein condensate. Long theorized as being a potential state of matter, Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) consists of a cluster of atoms cooled to temperatures so close to absolute zero that they merge into a single quantum state. In a single quantum state, all of the particles can be described mathematically as a single unit. The distinctions between particles dissipate and the cluster functions, to a great extent, as a single unit.

Currently, the only use for BEC is for more research. Scientists are using BEC to simulate condensed matter systems, which are forms of matter in which the atoms or particles are highly concentrated. A potential application of BEC is in the development of quantum computers, which store and process information on subatomic particles. BEC is an attractive data storage solution because an infinite number of atoms can be merged into exactly the same quantum state, and would, therefore, allow for coherent transmission of information. Researchers have already had success creating BEC clouds of millions of atoms, an indication that, theoretically, the creation of large data storage clouds is feasible.



What is the most likely reason the author has included the opening paragraph of this passage?
  1. To remind readers of their prior knowledge of states of matter.
  2. To establish the importance of the discovery of BEC.
  3. To describe the key differences between gasses, liquids, solids, and BEC.
  4. To establish credibility as an authority on the subject of atomic particles.
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342. Most elementary school students learn that matter exists in three different states: gas, liquid, and solid. The states of matter, as everyone knows, describe how the atomic particles interact with one another and the distances and attractions that govern those interactions

In 1995, a fourth form of matter was created by scientists working with ultra-cold atoms. This fourth form is called Bose-Einstein condensate. Long theorized as being a potential state of matter, Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) consists of a cluster of atoms cooled to temperatures so close to absolute zero that they merge into a single quantum state. In a single quantum state, all of the particles can be described mathematically as a single unit. The distinctions between particles dissipate and the cluster functions, to a great extent, as a single unit.

Currently, the only use for BEC is for more research. Scientists are using BEC to simulate condensed matter systems, which are forms of matter in which the atoms or particles are highly concentrated. A potential application of BEC is in the development of quantum computers, which store and process information on subatomic particles. BEC is an attractive data storage solution because an infinite number of atoms can be merged into exactly the same quantum state, and would, therefore, allow for coherent transmission of information. Researchers have already had success creating BEC clouds of millions of atoms, an indication that, theoretically, the creation of large data storage clouds is feasible.



How could one characterize the author’s certainty that quantum computers will be developed?
  1. The author is convinced quantum computers are the next step in the development of computing technology.
  2. The author believes quantum computers have been shown to be possible in theory.
  3. The author doubts that researchers will be able to make the leap from scientific research on BEC to developing computers.
  4. The author doubts that quantum computers will be developed because of problems in developing data storage clouds.
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343. Most elementary school students learn that matter exists in three different states: gas, liquid, and solid. The states of matter, as everyone knows, describe how the atomic particles interact with one another and the distances and attractions that govern those interactions

In 1995, a fourth form of matter was created by scientists working with ultra-cold atoms. This fourth form is called Bose-Einstein condensate. Long theorized as being a potential state of matter, Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) consists of a cluster of atoms cooled to temperatures so close to absolute zero that they merge into a single quantum state. In a single quantum state, all of the particles can be described mathematically as a single unit. The distinctions between particles dissipate and the cluster functions, to a great extent, as a single unit.

Currently, the only use for BEC is for more research. Scientists are using BEC to simulate condensed matter systems, which are forms of matter in which the atoms or particles are highly concentrated. A potential application of BEC is in the development of quantum computers, which store and process information on subatomic particles. BEC is an attractive data storage solution because an infinite number of atoms can be merged into exactly the same quantum state, and would, therefore, allow for coherent transmission of information. Researchers have already had success creating BEC clouds of millions of atoms, an indication that, theoretically, the creation of large data storage clouds is feasible.



Which statement regarding the discovery of Bose-Einstein condensate is most accurate?
  1. Until 1995, scientists were not aware that there was a potential fourth state of matter.
  2. BEC is a variation on one of the three known states of matter.
  3. Scientists theorized that BEC existed long before it was first created.
  4. Scientists theorize that BEC exists but have not been able to create it because of the complications of cooling atoms.
See answer
344. Most elementary school students learn that matter exists in three different states: gas, liquid, and solid. The states of matter, as everyone knows, describe how the atomic particles interact with one another and the distances and attractions that govern those interactions

In 1995, a fourth form of matter was created by scientists working with ultra-cold atoms. This fourth form is called Bose-Einstein condensate. Long theorized as being a potential state of matter, Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) consists of a cluster of atoms cooled to temperatures so close to absolute zero that they merge into a single quantum state. In a single quantum state, all of the particles can be described mathematically as a single unit. The distinctions between particles dissipate and the cluster functions, to a great extent, as a single unit.

Currently, the only use for BEC is for more research. Scientists are using BEC to simulate condensed matter systems, which are forms of matter in which the atoms or particles are highly concentrated. A potential application of BEC is in the development of quantum computers, which store and process information on subatomic particles. BEC is an attractive data storage solution because an infinite number of atoms can be merged into exactly the same quantum state, and would, therefore, allow for coherent transmission of information. Researchers have already had success creating BEC clouds of millions of atoms, an indication that, theoretically, the creation of large data storage clouds is feasible.



In the last sentence of the passage, which is the most accurate synonym for “feasible” as it is used in the passage?
  1. Impartial
  2. Worthwhile
  3. Remunerative
  4. Possible
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345. Most elementary school students learn that matter exists in three different states: gas, liquid, and solid. The states of matter, as everyone knows, describe how the atomic particles interact with one another and the distances and attractions that govern those interactions

In 1995, a fourth form of matter was created by scientists working with ultra-cold atoms. This fourth form is called Bose-Einstein condensate. Long theorized as being a potential state of matter, Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) consists of a cluster of atoms cooled to temperatures so close to absolute zero that they merge into a single quantum state. In a single quantum state, all of the particles can be described mathematically as a single unit. The distinctions between particles dissipate and the cluster functions, to a great extent, as a single unit.

Currently, the only use for BEC is for more research. Scientists are using BEC to simulate condensed matter systems, which are forms of matter in which the atoms or particles are highly concentrated. A potential application of BEC is in the development of quantum computers, which store and process information on subatomic particles. BEC is an attractive data storage solution because an infinite number of atoms can be merged into exactly the same quantum state, and would, therefore, allow for coherent transmission of information. Researchers have already had success creating BEC clouds of millions of atoms, an indication that, theoretically, the creation of large data storage clouds is feasible.



Which statement most accurately describes atoms and subatomic particles functioning in a single quantum state?
  1. Atomic and subatomic particles in a single quantum state begin to dissipate.
  2. It is theoretically possible for multiple atoms to function in a single quantum state, but such a state has not been created by researchers.
  3. In a single quantum state, particles converge into a whole.
  4. Particles in a single quantum state can only be described using mathematical equations.
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